Matthew 21, 22 & 23

To understand the New Testament, it's helpful to know about the three influential religious groups of the period.

Pharisees. Laymen, not priest, who taught in local synagogues. They were very concerned with strict interpretation and observance of the Mosaic law (laws given to Moses) in both the oral and written form. They recognized Jesus as a teacher but almost from the very beginning of His ministry were bitter and persistent enemies. They sought to destroy His influence among the people, and were themselves known for their self righteousness and pride.

Essenes. An apocalyptic sect of Judaism that protested against the way the temple was being ran. Many scholars believe they inhabited the settlement of Qumran and produced the writing found in the dead sea scrolls. They were celibate, didn't marry, and were very concerned with "end times."

Sadducees. Priestly families who were descendants of Zadok, the high priest during the time of King David and King Solomon. They were wealthy aristocratic families who controlled temple worship. There was open hostility between the Pharisees and Sadducees.

Isn't it interesting that Jesus did not select the religious leaders of the day to be His Disciples, but instead selected ordinary people and asked them to do extraordinary things.